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2 Enoch

The Second Book of Enoch (Slavonic Enoch, or Secrets of Enoch) — an apocalyptic text describing Enoch's ascent through the seven heavens.|||Survives only in Old Slavonic manuscripts (more than twenty Old Bulgarian codices, 14th–18th c.). No manuscript earlier than the 14th century. Probably translated from a Greek translation.|||Probably late 1st century CE. Some scholars argue for an earlier date (1st c. BCE); others push to the 10th century CE. Original language likely Hebrew or Aramaic, translated into Greek, then Slavonic.|||Not canonical in any tradition. Regarded as Old Testament Pseudepigrapha.|||Describes the ascent of Enoch through the seven heavens. Contains ethical teachings, cosmological revelations, and instructions for the righteous. Important witness to early Jewish mysticism.|||Charlesworth, J. H., ed. The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha, vol. 1. Doubleday, 1983.|||MacAskill, G. The Slavonic Apocalypse of Enoch. Mohr Siebeck, 2013.|||Andersen, F. I. "2 (Slavonic Apocalypse of) Enoch." In OTP 1:91–221.|||W. R. Morfill Translation|https://www.sacred-texts.com/bib/boe/boe003.htm|Public-domain English translation at Sacred Texts.;; Early Jewish Writings — 2 Enoch|https://www.earlyjewishwritings.com/2enoch.html|Scholarly index with translation.|||" And I saw the eight heavens, and the ninth heaven, and the tenth heaven." — 2 Enoch 20:3

Collection: Enochic Literature Canon: varies

Canon Status

Not canonical in any tradition. Regarded as Old Testament Pseudepigrapha.

Date & Provenance

Probably late 1st century CE. Some scholars argue for an earlier date (1st c. BCE); others push to the 10th century CE. Original language likely Hebrew or Aramaic, translated into Greek, then Slavonic.

Language & Manuscripts

Survives only in Old Slavonic manuscripts (more than twenty Old Bulgarian codices, 14th–18th c.). No manuscript earlier than the 14th century. Probably translated from a Greek translation.

Why It Matters for Study

Describes the ascent of Enoch through the seven heavens. Contains ethical teachings, cosmological revelations, and instructions for the righteous. Important witness to early Jewish mysticism.

" And I saw the eight heavens, and the ninth heaven, and the tenth heaven." — 2 Enoch 20:3

Read the Text & External Resources

Public-domain translations and scholarly databases where the text can be read online or downloaded.

External links open in a new tab. Sources are chosen for public-domain or open-access availability; always verify edition and translation when citing in academic work.

Further Reading

Charlesworth, J. H., ed. The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha, vol. 1. Doubleday, 1983.
MacAskill, G. The Slavonic Apocalypse of Enoch. Mohr Siebeck, 2013.
Andersen, F. I. "2 (Slavonic Apocalypse of) Enoch." In OTP 1:91–221.