Library

Brontologion

The Brontologion (4Q318) is an Aramaic text from Qumran that interprets thunder based on the moon's position in the zodiac.|||4Q318, an Aramaic zodiac calendar and brontologion from Qumran Cave 4.|||Composed in the 1st century BCE.|||Not canonical in any tradition.|||The earliest known Jewish brontologion (thunder divination text). Shows the use of astrology in Second Temple Judaism and the intersection of Jewish and Hellenistic science.|||Jacobus, H. R. "4Q318: A Jewish Zodiac Calendar at Qumran." In The Dead Sea Scrolls: Texts and Context. Brill, 2010.|||Wise, M. O. Thunder in Gemini. JSOT Press, 1994.|||Popović, M. Reading the Human Body. Brill, 2007.|||Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library|https://www.deadseascrolls.org.il/|View 4Q318 fragment images.;; Wikipedia — 4Q318|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4Q318|Background and discussion.|||" If thunder occurs in Gemini, there will be war and fear in the land." — 4Q318 (paraphrase)

Collection: Dead Sea Scrolls (Qumran) Canon: varies

Canon Status

Not canonical in any tradition.

Date & Provenance

Composed in the 1st century BCE.

Language & Manuscripts

4Q318, an Aramaic zodiac calendar and brontologion from Qumran Cave 4.

Why It Matters for Study

The earliest known Jewish brontologion (thunder divination text). Shows the use of astrology in Second Temple Judaism and the intersection of Jewish and Hellenistic science.

" If thunder occurs in Gemini, there will be war and fear in the land." — 4Q318 (paraphrase)

Read the Text & External Resources

Public-domain translations and scholarly databases where the text can be read online or downloaded.

External links open in a new tab. Sources are chosen for public-domain or open-access availability; always verify edition and translation when citing in academic work.

Further Reading

Jacobus, H. R. "4Q318: A Jewish Zodiac Calendar at Qumran." In The Dead Sea Scrolls: Texts and Context. Brill, 2010.
Wise, M. O. Thunder in Gemini. JSOT Press, 1994.
Popović, M. Reading the Human Body. Brill, 2007.