Library

Genesis Apocryphon

The Genesis Apocryphon (1Q20) is a retelling and expansion of Genesis, written in Aramaic, found among the first seven Dead Sea Scrolls.|||1Q20, a single scroll from Qumran Cave 1, discovered in 1947. Aramaic, badly preserved. First published by Nahman Avigad and Yigael Yadin in 1956.|||Composed in the 2nd or 1st century BCE.|||Not canonical in any tradition.|||A retelling of Genesis from Lamech to Abraham. Contains expansions, prayers, and hymns not found in the biblical text. Important for understanding Second Temple Jewish biblical interpretation.|||Fitzmyer, J. A. The Genesis Apocryphon of Qumran Cave I. Pontifical Biblical Institute, 1971.|||Machiela, D. A. The Dead Sea Genesis Apocryphon. Brill, 2009.|||Avigad, N., & Yadin, Y. A Genesis Apocryphon. Magnes Press, 1956.|||The Digital Dead Sea Scrolls (Israel Museum)|https://dss.collections.imj.org.il/|View the Genesis Apocryphon scroll in high resolution.;; Wikipedia — Genesis Apocryphon|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genesis_Apocryphon|Background and scholarship.|||" And I, Lamech, was afraid, and I fled to my father Methuselah." — Genesis Apocryphon 2:1

Collection: Dead Sea Scrolls (Qumran) Canon: varies

Canon Status

Not canonical in any tradition.

Date & Provenance

Composed in the 2nd or 1st century BCE.

Language & Manuscripts

1Q20, a single scroll from Qumran Cave 1, discovered in 1947. Aramaic, badly preserved. First published by Nahman Avigad and Yigael Yadin in 1956.

Why It Matters for Study

A retelling of Genesis from Lamech to Abraham. Contains expansions, prayers, and hymns not found in the biblical text. Important for understanding Second Temple Jewish biblical interpretation.

" And I, Lamech, was afraid, and I fled to my father Methuselah." — Genesis Apocryphon 2:1

Read the Text & External Resources

Public-domain translations and scholarly databases where the text can be read online or downloaded.

External links open in a new tab. Sources are chosen for public-domain or open-access availability; always verify edition and translation when citing in academic work.

Further Reading

Fitzmyer, J. A. The Genesis Apocryphon of Qumran Cave I. Pontifical Biblical Institute, 1971.
Machiela, D. A. The Dead Sea Genesis Apocryphon. Brill, 2009.
Avigad, N., & Yadin, Y. A Genesis Apocryphon. Magnes Press, 1956.