Canon Status
Not canonical in any tradition.
Date & Provenance
Composed in the late 1st century BCE or early 1st century CE.
Language & Manuscripts
1QM, one of the seven original Dead Sea Scrolls discovered in Cave 1 in 1947. Written in Hebrew in a square Herodian script, dated to the late 1st century BCE or early 1st century CE.
Why It Matters for Study
Describes a forty-year eschatological war between the Sons of Light and the Sons of Darkness. Essential for understanding Qumran eschatology and the background of New Testament apocalyptic imagery.
" For the Maskil: The Book of the Rule of the War." — 1QM 1:1
Read the Text & External Resources
Public-domain translations and scholarly databases where the text can be read online or downloaded.
- The Digital Dead Sea Scrolls (Israel Museum) View the complete War Scroll in high resolution.
- Wikipedia — War Scroll Background and scholarship.
External links open in a new tab. Sources are chosen for public-domain or open-access availability; always verify edition and translation when citing in academic work.
Further Reading
Yadin, Y. The Scroll of the War of the Sons of Light Against the Sons of Darkness. Oxford, 1962.
Duhaime, J. The War Texts: 1QM and Related Manuscripts. T& T Clark, 2004.
Schiffman, L. H. " The War Scroll." In The Dead Sea Scrolls: Texts and Context. Brill, 2010.