I. What Is a Canon?
Scripture, canon, and lectionary use are not the same thing. A book can be read in worship for centuries without being canon.
II. How the New Testament Canon Formed
Apostolicity, orthodoxy, catholicity, and liturgical use drove the process. Marcion, the Muratorian Fragment, Eusebius, and Athanasius (367 CE) mark key milestones.
III. Canon Status by Tradition
Ethiopian Orthodox, Catholic, Orthodox, Syriac, and Protestant canons differ. The New Testament Apocrypha are not canonical in any tradition, though some we're considered canonical by individual early Christians.
IV. Why These Texts Still Matter
Early Christian diversity, popular piety, liturgy, and the cultural background of the New Testament all depend on these works.
V. How to Read Responsibly
Check date, provenance, language, and genre. Distinguish "not canonical" from "worthless." Avoid proof-texting.