Canon Status
Not canonical in any tradition, though it was included in Codex Sinaiticus and listed in Codex Claromontanus.
Date & Provenance
Written between 70 and 132 CE. Attributed to Barnabas, companion of Paul, but likely by an unknown teacher.
Language & Manuscripts
Codex Sinaiticus (4th c.), Codex Hierosolymitanus (11th c.). Codex Claromontanus (6th c.) lists it as canonical.
Why It Matters for Study
A polemical work arguing that the Old Testament covenant was always intended for Christians, not Jews. Contains the " Two Ways" teaching and early Christian interpretation of Scripture.
" The Lord has made known to us through the prophets that He does not need sacrifices, but a pure heart." — Epistle of Barnabas 2:4
Read the Text & External Resources
Public-domain translations and scholarly databases where the text can be read online or downloaded.
- Epistle of Barnabas — Early Christian Writings Full public-domain translation.
- Epistle of Barnabas — Sacred Texts Full text from the Ante-Nicene Fathers.
External links open in a new tab. Sources are chosen for public-domain or open-access availability; always verify edition and translation when citing in academic work.
Further Reading
Ehrman, B. D. The Apostolic Fathers, vol. 2. Harvard University Press, 2003.
Holmes, M. W. The Apostolic Fathers: Greek Texts and English Translations. Baker Academic, 2007.
Paget, J. C. The Epistle of Barnabas. Mohr Siebeck, 1994.