Greek Magical Papyri

The Greek Magical Papyri (Papyri Graecae Magicae, PGM) are a body of papyri from Graeco-Roman Egypt, written mostly in Greek, containing magical spells, hymns, and rituals.|||Papyri from Graeco-Roman Egypt, dating from the 2nd century BCE to the 5th century CE. PGM XII and XIII we're the first to be published, appearing in 1843.|||The materials date from the 2nd century BCE to the 5th century CE.|||Not canonical in any tradition.|||The primary source for understanding Greco-Egyptian magic. Contains syncretistic spells invoking Greek, Egyptian, Jewish, and Christian deities. Important for understanding the religious milieu of late antiquity.|||Betz, H. D. The Greek Magical Papyri in Translation. University of Chicago Press, 1986.|||Preisendanz, K. Papyri Graecae Magicae. Teubner, 1928–1931.|||Greek Magical Papyri — Wikipedia|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Magical_Papyri|Background and scholarly discussion.;; PGM — Internet Archive|https://archive.org/details/greekmagicalpapy00betz|Betz's translation and commentary.|||" I invoke you, O great god, by your holy names, to accomplish this work." — PGM (paraphrase)